Author Archives: Roy Murray

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About Roy Murray

I live near Raymore Park and have been visiting the park since 1993 and began blogging about it since 2012.

Frost kills but life will go on.

The first frost of the season hit in the early hours of Tuesday morning, killing millions of insects and annual plants in Raymore Park. In the earth’s two temperate zones, this annual tide of warm and then cold toughens every species and may explain the survival of life forms on earth after comet strikes and super volcanoes. Using techniques such as hibernation, dormancy and re-birth, plants and animals have devised amazing ways of ensuring that the next generation survives the ravages of an extended period of cold.

Grass edged with ice crystals.

Grass edged with ice crystals.

This morning’s frost is just the mildest of hints of what is to come but the effect is dramatic. Judging by the silence this morning, crickets in the meadows were almost all wiped out but females have been busy recently, each laying hundreds of eggs which will hatch next spring. Walnut trees simply drop everything after a frost.

A walnut tree drops everything after a frost.

A pile of walnut leaves begins to form after a frost.

Elsewhere, many seeds are now ready to be carried away from the parent plant by the wind or unsuspecting animals and humans.

Milkweed seeds wait for a strong wind.

Milkweed seeds wait for a strong wind.

We may share the same latitude as Florence in Italy but our continental winters are considerably harsher and more eventful.

Some would say more interesting too.

The good earth.

Autumn is well under way and the wooded area at the southern end of the park is undergoing a transformation. Many leaves are off the trees, changing the canopy dramatically and the increased light on the freshly fallen leaves has created a brightly coloured carpet.

A carpet of colour.

A carpet of colour.

This part of the park always reminds me of the nave of a great cathedral. Sadly, many of the trees in the woods are Norway maples which produce little colour and need a frost to dislodge them.

The fresh colours of early autumn.

The fresh colours of early autumn.

If there was ever any doubt as to the ability of trees in a park to act as a carbon sink, the soil in the woods provides ample evidence. The site was once a rubbish tip but has been wooded for a few decades. In that time, annual cascades of leaves have fallen and decomposed in place, leaving much of their carbon behind to form a deep and rich loam. This summer, a few trees were downed by strong winds and the uprooted trees reveal a soil that is incredibly black and rich in carbon.

Dark black loam, rich in nutrients.

Dark black loam, rich in nutrients and especially carbon.

It is estimated that Canada’s boreal forests (yes, even Raymore Park’s tiny woods) store up to 80% of the carbon they pull out of the air. This is because our cool climate drastically slows carbon’s oxidation back into the atmosphere. On the other hand, a mature tropical forest sequesters very little carbon. But wait, there’s more; boreal forests moderate a region’s climate by warming winter air (more sunlight is absorbed by trees than by snow). In summer, leaf transpiration keeps temperatures down so trees in our part of the world are definitely a great resource.

Toronto has a front yard tree planting program that allows residents to receive a native tree in the city-owned portion of their front yard for free. A selection of species is available and they’ll even do the planting. This is in an effort to raise the canopy cover of our city from around 27% to 40%. A laudable goal that will improve life for all residents and help with reducing flooding and the escalating carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.

 

More signs of fall

Ever since Codemonkey pointed out a great spot for turtle watching, I’ve noticed a turtle regularly sunbathing in the same spot in the recent warm weather. It seems to be a painted turtle and is very shy, darting into the water if anyone approaches within 20 metres.

A painted turtle enjoys the last of the warmth.

A painted turtle enjoys the last of the warmth.

Dogwood is fruiting in many parts of the park and soon its leaves will fall away to reveal its distinctive red branches.

Red Osier Dogwood.

Red Osier Dogwood getting checked over by an Asian lady beetle.

The unusually coloured berries are popular with migrating birds and were once used as a native remedy against colds.

The ladybug, ladybird or Asian lady beetle on the dogwood is a powerful invader that is elbowing native ladybugs aside in many parts of the world. Introduced by greenhouse growers and perhaps the U.S.D.A. the ALB escaped into the wild and there will be no going back. Native ladybugs eating toxic ALB larvae do not survive. Once established in Canada, the ALB tainted many Niagara wines as growers couldn’t separate the bugs from the grapes. Armed with powerful chemicals, it takes only a few of these bugs to taint a whole year’s wine production. Having experienced some Chateau Ladybug (at a winery that was shamelessly trying to offload it) about ten years ago, I can vouch for its unpleasant and unforgettable taste.

Leeching the value from Raymore Park.

I was heading through the wild area on Monday (Thanksgiving Day). I could hear a strange sound, not an animal noise but a squeaking; like a chew toy. As I approached the sound increased in intensity and there were small mounds of earth along the dirt path in the wild area.

Curious piles of soil.

Curious piles of soil.

As I drew closer the answer was revealed. A treasure hunter, wife and chihuahua in tow, was looking for valuables left behind by Hurricane Hazel victims. Not wishing to be confrontational, I adopted a friendly approach and asked the man if he was aware of the history of the site. His apprehension dissolved and he soon became keen to tell me all about his hobby. ‘Oh yes, there’s lots of good stuff buried. Last time I was here, I found a silver jewel case’. All the while, with his wife nodding approval, the man continued, using a smaller squeaky probe and shovel to ferret out anything metallic. Instead of removing this debris, he tossed it aside, not even adding a gram of benefit from his odious activity.

It’s hard to know how to defend historic sites against such predators. The provenance of items found is probably lost without a trace once they have been removed and sold.

Another worrying development recently has been a group of people who act as if the park is their own personal off-leash zone. They seem to be led by a lady who drives to the park and releases her three very active dogs (without collars) into the wild area. The dogs are constantly being yelled commands so she’s an obvious presence. She meets up with a couple of local residents and their five dogs are set loose to harass whatever wildlife they come across.

These people give responsible dog owners a bad name.

One of the offending dogs.

One of the offending dogs. The owner is nowhere to be seen.

The dogs arrive in this vehicle.

Three of the dogs arrive in this vehicle.

It saddens me to think of the wildlife that struggles to survive in an urban environment. Now they have to deal with this added burden. It’s inconsiderate and unfair. After all, there are lots of off leash parks in Toronto. Once people see this open flouting of park rules, others will surely follow.

These two sets of people are like leeches because they take from the park and add nothing. The park is diminished by their presence. Their selfish behaviour presents a massive middle finger to those who appreciate the history and the wildlife of Raymore Park.

Signs of fall: blazing colours

The park is at its peak this week and with several days of sunshine on the way, there will be no better time to grab some stellar photographs. Here are a few taken in the past few days.

Sumac provides the backdrop to some wild asters.

Sumac provides the backdrop to some yellow leaves and wild asters.

A colourful glade (panorama of 3 images).

A colourful glade (panorama of 3 images).

Wild asters.

Wild asters.

A crab apple tree laden with fruit.

A crab apple tree laden with fruit.

Finally, this one’s not so spectacular but I like the blue heron silhouette.

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It’s your park too; get involved!

The Toronto Parks System is huge, occupying 12% of the city and consisting of hundreds of parks of varying size. Some are tiny little parkettes measured in square metres while others are measured in hectares. While it would be wonderful to have park staff available on site to solve problems at each location, sadly, this is not possible.  At one time, contacting a park supervisor was a laborious process. Now thanks to 311, it’s a lot easier.

So what can an ordinary resident do if they see a problem in their local park?

In my experience, Toronto’s  311 system, has made contact with park supervisors a lot easier. Operators will either forward your call to the voice mailbox of a supervisor or they will write up a work order themselves.

Here is an example of a situation I recently tackled in Lions Park, which is the one next to Raymore.

The problem:

Litter is the enemy of parks. It’s a hazard to wildlife and it puts off visitors. When litter levels reach a certain point, ordinary visitors and sightseers begin to drop away. Litter that stays on the ground actually attracts more, as people are less inhibited when the place is already a mess. It’s tough to fight human nature.

Lions Park contains a sports complex which includes a FIFA standard soccer field. Quite often, secondary soccer games spring up and for goalposts, garbage and recycling bins were easily commandeered from various positions around the park. After the game, the bins either stayed or ended up around the main field leaving vast areas without bins. Garbage became even more of a problem. In addition, the location of the bins was problematic as the photos will illustrate.

These stairs generate a large amount of garbage.

These stairs generate a large amount of garbage – no bins in sight.

Bins are located far from the stairs.

Bins (on right of picture) are located far from the stairs.

The stairs are often used as bleachers as they are above the soccer field. They also act as a hang-out spot. While it’s impractical to place bins on the stairs, no bins were visible making disposal inconvenient.

Bleachers - another big source of litter.

Bleachers – another big source of litter and bins too far away.

Bleachers generate large amounts of garbage. These back onto the delicate ecosystem of the Humber while the nearest bins were too far away.

With a problem outlined and a strategy for improvement in my head, I phoned 311. Unfortunately it was not possible to leave a message for the Park Supervisor as her phone mailbox was constantly full.

With the supervisor unavailable, I again called 311 and action was promised. Sure enough, stakes were hammered into the ground and as is standard practice, bins wired to them. Unfortunately, there was nothing to stop anyone disconnecting the wires and removing the bins. Within a couple of days, the bins had returned to being goalposts. To make matters worse, bins had been located poorly.

Eventually, the park supervisor got back to me after I placed a call to 311 and her boss. She explained that bin placement was not decided by Toronto Parks. The people who remove the waste now decide locations. A call made to Solid Waste Management soon got me in touch with Carson Freeman who agreed to come out and meet me on site. We discussed the issues and decided on a course of action which was carried out.

To cut a long story short, within a relatively short period of time, action was taken. Bins were placed in better locations and padlocked into place. The Parks supervisor sent a crew to clean up the garbage by the stairs and a new start was made.

People can now see a bin when descending the stairs.

People can now see a bin when descending the newly cleaned stairs.

Bleachers have a bin that's closer.

These bins are harder to ignore.

Bins at the foot of the stairs (as well as at the top).

Bins at the foot of the stairs (as well as at the top).

The clincher - padlocks to stop bins from wandering.

The clincher – padlocks to stop bins from wandering.

I’m guessing that such intervention by an ordinary citizen is rare. The level of cooperation was outstanding – after all, park staff want clean parks too. They can’t be in every park every day but rely on knowledgeable citizen responses much of the time to point out problems and suggest solutions. By politely pointing out a concern and offering a workable solution, private citizens and parks management can work together to solve park problems.

Incidentally, the people who drop much of the litter are probably still doing so. Despite that, the new bin placement acts as a visible nag to do the right thing, makes things easier for responsible citizenry as well as for ‘park angels’ who actively pick up litter when they see it.

Want to get involved? – It’s a great thing to do. Just remember the three ‘P’s, Politeness, Persistence, and a well thought out Plan.

Signs of fall: American Oil Beetles

I saw several of these beetles marching through cut grass in the park. They seem to be a regular sight in the fall.

An American oil beetle marching grimly along.

An American oil beetle marching grimly along.

They are known as American oil beetles or blister beetles because of an oil secreted from their legs when disturbed. This oil is a skin irritant and soon teaches victims to leave the beetles alone. This isn’t the only example of an ability to use chemicals to their advantage. In fact the life cycle of blister beetles stretches all credulity in addition to illustrating an amazing balance between parasite and host.

This BBC short tells the story of these amazing creatures (in this case in the Mojave Desert) better than I can.

Signs of Fall: tree planting

In the last 20 years, thanks to old age and disease, there has been a steady reduction in the number of mature trees in Raymore Park. Quite a number of these trees are invasive non-natives such as Siberian elm and Norway maple. While many hundreds of native saplings have been mass planted in the wild areas, no mature boulevard trees have been planted to line the pathway.

On Monday September 23rd, 43 trees were planted along the entrance and pathway as far down as the weir. This will make a big difference in years to come as the path is quite exposed in both winter and summer. I only have one slight quibble with the choice of trees; quite a number are black walnut and the park has no shortage of those already. There are quite a few water-loving weeping willows where the path comes near the river and some maples too.

A couple of Toronto Forestry workers were inspecting the trees yesterday and they told me that for the most part the trees were planted to the correct specifications by the contractor. A few have been planted too high and will need to  be adjusted and some look a little straggly, but for the most part it has been a successful planting.

This is the perfect time of year to plant trees as the ground is still warm and autumn rains will ensure lots of moisture for roots to grow.

Count 'em - it's 43!

Count ’em – 43 new trees!

Signs of Fall: Atlantic Salmon are climbing the ladder.

Two hundred years ago, Atlantic salmon along with many other varieties of fish were plentiful in the Humber. Gradually, settlers built dams and toxic waste from sewers, factories and pulp mills was dumped into the river. The combination killed just about everything in the water and Atlantic salmon were extirpated from the Humber as a result. In 1959, the opening of the St Lawrence Seaway saw the accidental introduction of the parasitic sea lamprey which killed the rest. An ambitious program lasting several years aims to restore a self-sustaining wild Atlantic salmon population to the Humber. Each spring until 2015, salmon fry are being released all along the Humber. Most weirs along the river have been adjusted to be too high for lamprey but low enough for migrating fish.

In Raymore Park, the 3 metre weir remains an insurmountable barrier to all aquatic life and to work around that, a denil fishway, (better known as a fish ladder) was built around 13 years ago.

The fish ladder entrance is on the left just below the weir.

The fish ladder entrance is on the left just below the weir.

The fishway provides a gentler current and slope so that large fish can make their way up the ‘ladder’ with rest stops along the way. Unfortunately, beavers stuff the fishway with wooden debris in the hopes of creating a dam. Needless to say, the blockages need to be cleared several times a year so that fish can migrate to their spawning grounds.

On Friday, two workers were clearing the way for the salmon and told me that when water levels rise (as they did on Saturday), these large Lake Ontario fish will be able to access and use the ladder. From there they will swim upstream to their birthplace, spawn and return to the lake – assuming they can run the gauntlet of people out to get them.

TRCA workers clear the top of the fishway.

Toronto and Region Conservation Authority workers clear the top of the fishway.

Since the ladder was built I have watched in vain for a fish to appear at the exit. Today, (Tuesday September 24th) I had a premonition and with the camera ready, just like that, a fish emerged. The water was a little murky and I was a little late but here’s the evidence; the ladder works.

The salmon continues its journey up the river.

The salmon (middle top of photo) continues its journey up the river.

In spite of their impressive size, salmon will soon be seen along the Humber as far upstream as Bolton and Palgrave.

For its part, the TRCA is studying the further removal of obstacles to fish migration along the Humber and the weir in Raymore Park is the highest. Lowering and notching of the weir will allow the fish to leap upstream the old-fashioned and low-tech way. This will end the high maintenance costs of the fishway and finally allow the beavers to block it to their hearts’ content.

Wild water kayaking

So Raymore Park has a beach, a river and yesterday, I observed a car pull into the parking lot with a tiny snub-nosed kayak on the roof. Never being afraid to ask stupid questions I asked some and the young man, Steve, emerging from the car assured me the kayak would indeed go on the river in just a few minutes. With his 5 year-old retriever following closely, he started walking towards the section below the weir. I went home for a camera and later on, watched as he and his dog entered the water.  Steve told me that he and his friends discovered the wave action on this stretch of the Humber a couple of years ago and come down occasionally for some thrills and spills. Steve thinks it’s fantastic that we have such great whitewater right in the city. As an added bonus, the water was warm too.

The images and especially the video will speak for themselves.

Steve pulls into quiet water to let his dog catch up.

Steve pulls into quiet water to let his dog catch up.

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